Jean baptiste bernadotte biography sample

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Jean Baptiste Marchand. Jean Baptiste Racine. The next few years passed uneventfully for Bernadotte. His participation in military operations was at best mediocre and at worst inadequate. While he was at the Battle of Austerlitzhe did nothing to distinguish himself and left Louis-Nicolas Davout to tackle the main force of the Prussian army at Auerstaedt for which he was almost court-martialled.

His inertia compromises the operation of Pultusk. He was late arriving at Preussisch-Eylau and the Saxons he commanded at Wagram broke ranks during the battle. Napoleon's patience finally ran out when he heard of this latest episode and he stripped Bernadotte of his command. This would be his last military posting under the Empire apart from commanding the Army of the Escaut from August to September The Swedish King was childless and the only other option was the King of Denmark.

As Bernadotte was one of the most loyal allies of the French Emperor, the Swedes hoped to escape Napoleon's wrath by choosing one of his marshals. Napoleon, surprised though displeased, authorized Bernadotte to take the Swedish crown hoping to profit from the situation in the meantime. He was unable to do so. While riding full gallop to the rear, he met Napoleon advancing with reinforcements.

The Emperor would listen to no explanation; he relieved the marshal of his command and ordered him off the battlefield. Bernadotte returned to Paris in undeserved disgrace but was soon given command of the defense of the Netherlands. Then, inas he was about to take up his new post as governor of Rome, the Swedish government asked him to become crown prince of Sweden.

After securing the approval of Napoleon and becoming a member of the Lutheran Church, Bernadotte was elected on Aug. When he arrived in Stockholm in November, he was adopted by the king and took the name Charles John. He was popular with the Swedish people, and his political influence increased as the King's health continued to decline.

Realizing that Sweden could never retake Finland from Russia, he followed a pro-Russian course in foreign policy, aimed at acquiring Norway. The occupation by French troops of Swedish Poemerania in and the ruinous Continental blockade resulted in a formal split with Napoleon, and in the crown prince took his adopted nation into the camp of the Allies.

Charles John led a Swedish army against France in the final years of the Napoleonic Wars, and after Napoleon's defeat Sweden was allowed to annex Norway, which had been part of the Danish kingdom. When Napoleon crowned himself emperor, Bernadotte, as a soldier, swore allegiance to the monarch, earning himself the title of marshal. A couple of years later, the emperor appointed Jean-Baptiste as the prince of the Italian province of Ponte-Corvo.

While continuing to participate in the military actions of the Napoleonic army, Bernadotte made a perhaps the most significant decision in his life - he treated the officers of a captured Swedish corps very gallantly near the German city of Lubeck. These actions brought Bernadotte great fame and sympathy in the Scandinavian country.

Jean baptiste bernadotte biography sample

When the Swedish Council of State faced the question of choosing an heir to the throne, as King Charles XIII had no children, a courier was sent to Paris with a request for Bernadotte to become the crown prince of Sweden. However, there was also a more mercantile motive behind this unexpected decision - the Swedes, still hoping for the return of the Baltic territories taken from them by Peter the Great, reasonably believed that they could achieve this goal faster with the help of the Napoleonic army.

As for the territories, they miscalculated, but in choosing a monarch, they succeeded - Jean-Baptiste, who converted to Lutheranism and took the name Charles XIV John, became one of the most respected and revered Swedish kings.